(Answered) NR 552 Assignment Week 2: Lead Exposure

Course 

NR 552 Economics Of Healthcare Policy

Purpose  

The purpose of this assignment is to: a) perform a literature review of an environmental issue affecting health outcomes, b) investigate an environmental issue and detail the effect on public health, c) examine the health, social, and economic impacts of the environmental issue, c) identify suggested adaptions or interventions to resolve the environmental issue and enhance health, d) present ideas in a clear, succinct and scholarly manner.

Due Date 

submit to the Dropbox at the end of Week 2.

Requirement for the Paper: 

  1. Review literature on an environmental issue that is affecting public health.
  2. Provide a brief introduction to the environmental issue.
  3. Detail the effect on public health.
  4. Discuss health, social, and economic impacts of this environmental issue.
  5. Explain causes of the environmental issue.
  6. Discuss proposed adaptive measures or interventions and the expected impact to public health and healthcare costs.
  7. The body of the scholarly paper is to be 3-5 pages in length excluding title and reference pages.
  8. Grammar, spelling, punctuation, references, and citations are consistent with formal academic writing and APA format 6th edition
  9. Include a minimum of four scholarly resources published within the past 5 years not including your textbook. References may includes scholarly websites of organizations or government agencies and must be presented using APA format for electronic media.

SOLUTION 

Following Congressional action imposing restrictions on the use of lead-based paint in 1971 & 1973, the Consumer Product Safety Commission banned the use of paint with a lead concentration of 0.06% or greater.  From 1973 to 1986, the use of lead in gasoline was phased out incrementally then banned (Pohl, Ingber, &Abadin, 2017). The mean blood lead level for children between the ages of six months & five years was 13.7 micrograms per deciliter (μg/dL) in 1978. By 2014, the mean blood lead level for the same group had dropped below 0.8 μg/dL (Tsoi, Cheung, C.L.; Cheung, T.T.; & Cheung, B.M.Y., 2016). However, an estimated 2,144,000 American homes with children under the age of 6 living in them have an interior lead dust hazard (Dewalt et al., 2015). Furthermore, 535,000 children aged one to five in the United States have a blood lead level above 5 μg/dL, meeting the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention’s criteria for an elevated blood lead level (Dapul&Laraque, 2014). While past efforts geared toward minimizing lead exposure among children have proven highly successful, lead exposure remains a public health concern largely due to inadequate lead abatement in older housing units.

Literature Review

Children are most susceptible to lead exposure, particularly children six years of age & younger, because lower levels of lead exposure produce clinically significant impairments & such impairments are more severe & persistent at earlier stages of development. Grandjean & Landrigan (2014) concluded that childhood lead exposure, even below levels that would be considered elevated, produced decreased brain volume, deficits in IQ….please click the purchase button below to access the entire solution at $10